Transport efficiency of the human placenta
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چکیده
The human newborn is a reflection of the entirety of nutrients transferred from the maternal to the fetal circulation across the placenta during gestation. By extension, birth weight and newborn health depend on placental function. In this article, we quantify efficiency of the transport system in the human placenta and study its role played in the birth weight as well as the gestational age of the human newborn. In the data, each placenta is represented by a planar domain and a fixed point representing the site of the umbilical cord insertion. By means of techniques in ramified optimal transportation, we simulate a vascular tree structure for the placenta, in a simplified form by an idealized optimal transport network. We study transport efficiency of this simulated transport network for each placenta and investigate its correlations with birth weight and gestational age at birth. We show that averaged birth weight and averaged gestational age are both roughly increasing functions of the calculated placental transport efficiency. Both preterm and low birth weight are associated with lower placental transport efficiency. We also show that the relationship of transport efficiency to these outcomes is nonlinear, reaching a plateau at 38–39 weeks gestational age and 3200 g birth weight.
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تاریخ انتشار 2014